FSS Vitamin K Liposome PF

Preserved with Leucidal Liquid

BACKGROUND

Vitamins are essential for the body to maintain both mental and physical well-being, in addition to being vital for proper cell function. Doctors are writing prescriptions at alarming rates, in fact half of all Americans have used a prescription drug in last month. However, consumers are pushing back using their growing awareness of the benefits of vitamins as an alternative option to a dermatological prescription. A nutritious diet, exercise and vitamin/mineral supplements seem to be the most effective means in curing ailments. The body’s largest organ, the skin, suffers tremendously, as well. The nutrients provided by vitamins have been show to increase the body’s vitality through defending against illness and helping to repair damaged tissues and organs.

SCIENCE

Dark circles under the eyes, redness and broken capillaries are some of the most unwanted effects generally associated with aging. Many believe that these skin conditions are mostly caused by fatigue, sun exposure and stress. Although these factors can certainly accelerate aging, many studies suggest that their main cause is improper blood clotting. For this reason we created FSS Vitamin K Liposome PF, a unique cosmetic ingredient that provides the nutrients required to promote proper blood clotting utilizing a modern encapsulation technology for enhanced delivery to the skin.

Sometimes blood travels too fast through the capillaries’ narrow diameter, which may lead to some of the blood leaking out and pooling around the eyes. The body has mechanism for oxidizing the excess blood which consists of enzymes breaking down all parts of red blood cells, including hemoglobin. When hemoglobin is broken down it changes to a blue, almost purple color which becomes visible through the thin layer of skin found around the eye. This is where the dark under eye circles come from. However, as we age, the skin under the eyes tends to thin out making the veins below the eyes even more visible.

Vitamin K, also known as phytonadione, is a fat-soluble vitamin created by the liver to ensure proper blood clotting while enhancing capillary strength. Its relation to the circulatory system has been parlayed into its use as an ideal cosmetic ingredient to help diminish vascular conditions that emerge as skin imperfections such as dark circles under the eyes, redness from rosacea, and broken capillaries.

A new application for Vitamin K was identified in 1993. Gas6 is a vitamin K-dependent protein that appears to be a cellular growth regulation factor with cell-signaling activities. Gas6 is important in diverse cellular functions including cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and protection against apoptosis. For this reason Vitamin K is often used in skin care applications to promote healthier and younger looking skin and in hair care applications to provide intense therapy to the scalp.

A small-scale in-vivo study showed the benefits of applying a lotion containing 1% vitamin K to shorten the amount of time that skin is reddish-purple after a pulsed dye laser treatment. This further supports the benefits of this distinct nutrient to reduce inflammation and promote healthy looking skin.

FSS Vitamin K Liposome PF was designed to provide the benefits associated with Vitamin K with enhanced delivery due through a unique encapsulation technology. Liposomes are microscopic vesicles that consist of an aqueous center with a phospholipid membrane. Phospholipids contain a glycerol bonded to two fatty acids and a phosphate group with a polar head. The fatty acid portion of this biomolecule is hydrophobic and is located toward the outside of the lipid bilayer whereas the phosphate group is hydrophilic and faces the aqueous interior. These phospholipid walls are identical to those that comprise other human cell membranes.

The skin is the primary protective organ that allows very few foreign objects to penetrate. For this reason, some molecules are unable to effectively penetrate the stratum corneum. However, with the liposome as a vehicle we can release these active molecules through several layers of epidermis, but without diffusing too deeply. The liposomes may attach and fuse to the cellular membranes, releasing their contents into the target cells. Along with the capacity to carry hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic molecules, there are many other advantages to using liposomes as delivery mechanisms in skincare and for other cosmetic uses. Along with being nontoxic and noninvasive, the size of the transported molecule will not account as a restriction. In general, liposomes are exceptionally large structures and thus cannot penetrate into the deeper layers of the skin, but they are miscible with the skin’s primary moisture barrier, the epidermal lipids.

BENEFITS

FSS Vitamin K Liposome PF is ideal for cosmetic and personal care applications that are specifically designed to help condition the skin and reduce the appearance of dark circles and redness associated with improper blood clotting. This unique ingredient can therefore help promote younger appearing skin with a more revitalized and even looking complexion.

Storage: Protected from direct light and humidity at a temperature of 50°-77°F (10°-25°C)
Shelf life: 12 months, properly stored, in sealed container.

This product should be added to a formulation at the recommended usage rate

References:

1. Lou WW, Quintana AT, Geronemus RG, Grossman MC. Effects of topical vitamin K and retinol on laser-induced purpura on non-lesional skin.

Dermatolagic Surgery. 1999, 25, 942-944.